Hacking Astronomy. History, Theories and Practices

To understand how the world beyond Earth is structured, scientists needed to conduct complex mathematical calculations, build the most important physical theories, and significantly improve technology. In the first half of the 16th century, Nicolaus Copernicus formulated the doctrine of... the heliocentric system of the world; in the early 17th century, Galileo Galilei saw lunar craters and the rings of Saturn through his telescope; in 1850, William Bond took the first photograph of a star — Vega; in 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope was launched; in 2015, scientists reported the discovery of gravitational waves.
But telescopes are still directed towards the sky today, which means that we will soon learn the answer to the next question about the structure of the cosmos.