The Internal Structure of Linux

This book is an introduction to the internal structure of the Linux operating system. It covers the main subsystems of the kernel and their entities, access control mechanisms and privileges, principles and mechanisms of containerization. Attention is paid to the components, subsystems of Linux, and their functioning as a unified system. The user environment, command line interface (CLI), command interpreter language, and its use for automating relevant tasks are described in detail. All principles are clearly illustrated with examples developed by the author and tested in practice. The 3rd edition describes access control and integrity checking mechanisms unique to the Russian secure distribution Astra Linux and operating systems in general. The latest changes in the OS components are taken into account, and the listings of examples have been updated. The chapter on the network subsystem has been expanded, and a chapter on modern tracing, load measurement, and performance monitoring tools has been added. For students, users, programmers, and Linux system administrators.